The light scattered by a transparent sphere can be made unusually bright in the forward or backward directions by proper choice of the sphere’s refractive indexM. An axial focusing effect in the forward and backward directions gives rise to the strong scattering enhancement known as the glory. For certainMvalues, rainbow scattering coincides with the glory, giving an additional enhancement. Conditions for the existence of rainbow‐glory scattering have been explored using ray optics. Mie‐theory computations of scattered irradiance show prominent rainbow‐glory effects in the predictedMranges. Rainbow‐glory backscattering was observed from a glass fiber‐coupling sphere in a liquid whereMwas varied by adjusting the liquid temperature.