This is a review of theoretical works in the field of dense Z‐pinch physics performed by ITEP plasma group. The problems under discussion are. Onedimensional dense Z‐pinch dynamics is investigated for a wide range of parameters. A transition between classical (compressional) and dissipative regimes of Z‐pinch dynamics is followed up. Analytical expressions, determining the type of Z‐pinch dynamics and temporal evolution of hot rarefied corona of the dissipative Z‐pinches are obtained. Heterogeneous equilibrium states of dense radiative Z‐pinches, when the corona is hot and rarefied, while pinch core is very dense and “cold”, are shown to exist. The problem of instabilities of dense Z”pinch equilibrium states is investigated, taking into account relevant dissipative processes. On the basis of the results obtained, we consider the general problem of an enhanced stability of dense Z‐pinch.