AbstractVignette methodology was used to assess factors associated with decisions regarding treatment acceptability. Three hundred and eleven professionals who worked with persons with mental retardation completed questionnaires on the restrictiveness of 12 procedures and on the acceptability of four unique vignettes. Treatment Acceptability was found to be a function of the subjective restrictiveness of the proposed procedure, the prognosis of the treatment program, the past use of other treatment procedures, and the likelihood of side effects. Acceptability from a Human Rights Committee perspective was seen to be a function of the restrictiveness of the proposed procedure, the prognosis, the use of other procedures, the target behavior severity, and the likelihood of side effects.