Six plum andPrunushybrid rootstocks (‘Damas P 1869’, ‘INRAGF 43’, ‘IshtaraFerciana’, ‘Myran Yumir’, ‘St Julien P 655/2’, ‘St Julien X’) were compared,over a 6-year period, with ‘Golden Queen’ peach seedlings as rootstocks for ‘Golden Queen’ peach. ‘Damas P 1869’, ‘Ishtara Ferciana’, and ‘St Julien X’ showed incompatibility and high rates of tree mortality: 80–90% of trees on these three rootstocks died over the trial period. In contrast, ‘INRA GF43’, ‘Myran Yumir’, ‘St Julien P 655/2’, and ‘Golden Queen’ peach seedlings showed good compatibility with ‘Golden Queen’. Trees on ‘Golden Queen’ seedlings and ‘Myran Yumir’ were larger but had lower yield efficiencies than trees on ‘INRA GF 43’ or ‘St Julien P655/2’. ‘St Julien P655/2’ advanced and condensed harvest maturity and showed potential as a semi-dwarfing rootstock. However, ‘St Julien P 655/2’ and ‘INRA GF 43’ suckered from the roots, causing problems for orchard management. Mean fruit weighton ‘St Julien P 655/2’ was also slightly smaller than fruit from trees on ‘Golden Queen’ seedling, ‘INRA GF 43’, or ‘Myran Yumir’ rootstocks.