Broadband heterodyne reflectometer at the W7‐AS stellarator
作者:
H. J. Hartfuss,
T. Estrada,
M. Hirsch,
T. Geist,
J. Sanchez,
期刊:
Review of Scientific Instruments
(AIP Available online 1994)
卷期:
Volume 65,
issue 7
页码: 2284-2290
ISSN:0034-6748
年代: 1994
DOI:10.1063/1.1144678
出版商: AIP
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
A broadband heterodyne reflectometer, operating in the frequency range 75–110 GHz in extraordinary mode polarization, has been installed and operated at the Wendelstein 7‐AS stellarator for the study of density fluctuations and density profile determination. At 2.5 T it covers the density range between 5×1018and 5×1019m−3. The system differs from the usual setup as it combines the advantages of heterodyne detection with broadband capability avoiding the limitations of phase‐locked sources and permits the unambiguous determination of the phase delay independent of amplitude fluctuations in the reflected beam. After a first downconversion to an intermediate frequency of about 6 GHz, two additional mixing steps lead to an intermediate frequency of 60 MHz, which carries the phase delay from the plasma as a phase modulation. The phase information is yielded numerically from sin/cos detection at 60 MHz. Due to the balanced detection scheme, the drift as well as the broadband noise of the signal and local oscillators are canceled. The system has a dynamic range of about 60 dB and is within this range almost insensitive to amplitude fluctuations of the reflected beam. Examples are given demonstrating the potential of the system installed.
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