A consensus meeting was held in Stockholm on Oct,9,f1993 after consultations with the Swedish Association of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. The meeting was attended by 35 physicians with a special interst in Helicobacter5 pylori–associated diseases representing the folloing medical disciplines: gastroenterology,surgery, internal medicine, histopathology, microbiology immunology, infectious dieseases, clinical physiology, and cancer epidemiology. The aims of the meeting were to define and recommend methods of diagnosis, indications for anti–H. pylori therapy, alternatives for treatment regimens, principles of follow-up observation, and suitable measures of quality control. The Participants agreed to recommend anti–H. pyloritherapy only for the treatment of H. pylori–associated gastric and duodenal ulcer disease. A combination of amoxicillin, 1,000 mg b.i.d., plus omeprazole, 20 mg b.i.d.,for 2 weeks was considered the first‐ treatment. Second– options are not specified, but amoxicillin plus a higher-dose omeprazole, clarithromycin plus omeprazole, or various triple regimens were discussed.