Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a new self expanding pediatric ventilation bag in two sizes (Laerdal Infant and Child) verified the following safety features and functional characteristics. A pressurelimiting valve opens at 32–40 cm of H2O. Higher inflation pressure is obtained by closing the valve; the small size of the Infant Bag limits the tidal volume. Inspiratory pressure plateau and positive end expiratory pressure may be obtained. In a continuous positive airway pressure set-up the bag allows immediate bag ventilation with positive end expiratory pressure during apneic spells; 100% O2is delivered with low O2flows. No valves malfunction during high O2flows. No parts are interchangeable, preventing misassembly after cleaning and sterilizing. Inhalation anesthesia with this equipment gives good anesthesia gas economy and easy scavenging of exhaled anesthesia gases.