The intrinsic magnetic moment of elementary particles
作者:
Robert J. Gould,
期刊:
American Journal of Physics
(AIP Available online 1996)
卷期:
Volume 64,
issue 5
页码: 597-601
ISSN:0002-9505
年代: 1996
DOI:10.1119/1.18161
出版商: American Association of Physics Teachers
关键词: ELEMENTARY PARTICLES;MAGNETIC MOMENTS;HAMILTONIANS;SPIN;RELATIVITY THEORY;ROTATIONAL INVARIANCE;GAUGE INVARIANCE;03.65;10.;41.
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
In a purely nonrelativistic formulation, a Hamiltonian is obtained for the description of states of a charged particle with spin, interacting with an external electromagnetic field. For the specific cases of spin‐1/2 and spin‐1, the simplest choices for the Hamiltonian functions lead to a value for the (lowest order) intrinsic magnetic moment equal to the Bohr magneton in both cases. This is the same as is obtained in treatments that start from a relativistic formulation, as in the Dirac theory. The nonrelativistic and relativistic formulations both employ the ‘‘minimal coupling principle,’’ but the resulting Hamiltonians with couplings are, for very general considerations, not completely determined. However, the corresponding ambiguity that occurs in the nonrelativistic theory is also present in the relativistic formulation. The simpler nonrelativistic theory is more transparent in exhibiting these features of the problem and dispels the notion that spin (and the associated magnetic moment) require relativistic formulations for a proper understanding.
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