Two different measures of response to therapy were evaluated in a model of keratitis caused byAspergillus fumigatusin Dutch-belted rabbits. Combined pre and post-inoculation treatment with oral fluconazole 37.5mg/kg bid or itraconazole 40 mg/kg bid was compared to post-inoculation treatment only and untreated controls using a standardized clinical disease severity score and quantitative isolate recovery techniques. For both drugs, there was no difference in isolate recovery rates among all three groups. However, a significant improvement in clinical disease was noted in the pre and post-inoculation treatment group compared to controls (p<. 01) and to the post-inoculation group (p<. 05) for fluconazole. A similiar trend, though not statistically significant, was apparent with itraconazole treatment. This disparity highlights the difficulties associated with measuring responses to therapy in keratomycosis and emphasizes the need for more sensitive and specific measures.