Comb foundation came into use about a hundred years ago. Its“invention”was a direct outcome of Langstroth's concept of framed combs, a subject which Dr. and Mrs. Johansson put into fresh perspective in a recent article in Bee World,“Lorenzo L. Langstroth and the bee space”. The same authors have now recorded the history of the development of the comb foundation, especially the crucial but little- known interplay of events that took place in the United States between 1866 and 1875. Reprints of the earlier article (M51) are still available from the Association, price 3/6d. ($0.55).