Cardiotoxicity of Vasodilators and Positive Inotropic/Vasodilating Drugs in Dogs: An Overview
作者:
DogteromPeter,
ZbindenGerhard,
ReznikGerd K.,
期刊:
Critical Reviews in Toxicology
(Taylor Available online 1992)
卷期:
Volume 22,
issue 3-4
页码: 203-241
ISSN:1040-8444
年代: 1992
DOI:10.3109/10408449209145324
出版商: Taylor&Francis
关键词: cardiotoxicity;dogs;vasodilators;positive inotropic drugs;blood pressure;heart rate;drug safety studies
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
AbstractStandard toxicological studies in dogs using high doses of vasodilators and positive inotropic/ vasodilating agents give rise to a species-specific cardiotoxicity. The reason may be the extreme sensitivity of the dog to the pharmacological effects of these drugs; exaggerated pharmacodynamic effects and prolonged disturbance of homeostasis mechanisms often are responsible for the observed organ lesions. An assessment of the toxicological relevance and the risk for patients taking the drugs at therapeutic doses cannot be made without taking into account their pathomechanisms and the pathophysiological basis of the exceptional reaction patterns occurring in dogs. A large series of vasodilating and positive inotropic agents are presented, their pharmacological properties are described, and toxicological effects in dogs are compared. In view of the poor correlation between the distinct cardiac lesions induced in dogs and a lack of comparable toxicity in humans, it appears desirable to reassess the adequacy of the standard toxicological approaches for these substances.
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