The essential oil fromStrobilanthes callosus(Acanthaceae) from Central India was analyzed by a combination of GC, GC/MS and NMR. An oil obtained from pre-flowering plants was found to possess compositional differences to an oil from post-flowering plants. The oil from post-flowering plants contained trans-sabinene hydrate (3%), cis-sabinenehydrate (9%), terpinen-4-ol (19%), α-terpineol (5%) and methylchavicol (24%). The oil from pre-flowering plants contained trans-sabinene hydrate (5%), cis-sabinene hydrate (14%), terpinen-4-ol (23%), α-terpineol (5%), and methyl chavicol was not detected.