The Adams County, Colorado, H5 chondrite contains a lithic fragment, 1 cm in size, that is texturally and mineralogically quite different from the chondritic host. It is composed of: a groundmass of fine‐grained euhedral to subhedral olivine (3–15 μm) and interstitial glass enclosing larger olivine and pyroxene grains (0.15‐0.5 mm; about 15 vol %); an assemblage of enstatite grains (subfragment within) and an assemblage of olivine plus orthopyroxene (a second subfragment); and about 11 vol % grains of mixed troilite and nickel‐iron metal. Analyses yielded these results: (i) olivine grains of the fragment groundmass have a compositional range (Fa12–45) and most grains contain substantial CaO and Cr2O3(∼ 0.20 and 0.30 avg. wt%, respectively); interstitial glass has ∼ 55 wt% SiO2; (ii) larger olivine grains of the fragment are similarly high in CaO and Cr2O3and also have a wide FeO/MgO range; one unusual pyroxene is an Mg‐rich pigeonite; (iii) the metal is martensite in composition (11–14 wt% Ni); and (iv) major and trace element analyses by INAA indicate an H‐group bulk composition for the entire 1 cm lithic fragment.On the basis of its texture and bulk and mineral compositions, the fragment is interpreted to represent unequilibrated H‐group material that was partly melted by impact. The Ca‐ and Cr‐enriched groundmass olivine and interstitial glass resulted from rapid crystallization of the chondritic melt. The Ca‐ and Cr‐enriched larger silicate grains, including the enstatite sub‐fragment and the pigeonite grain, are residual, unmelted clasts from the target material (this is supported by the presence of similar material in actual H3 chondrites). Further impact brecciation of the clast‐laden melt material, and resultant impact‐splashing accounts for the presence of the fragment in the H‐group Adams County host and documents the coexistence of unequilibrated and equilibrated H‐group materia