ABSTRACTThe holotype collection forCordyceps canadensiswas found to be composed of two taxa, differing primarily in the length of the ascospore segments. A lectotype, corresponding to the original description, is designated. The nameC. capitatahas been applied to the same two taxa. A neotype is designated forC. capitata, andC. canadensisis placed in synonymy. The taxon with longer ascospore segments, often misidentified asC. canadensis, is namedC. longisegmentis sp. nov.