In brief:External compression is widely advocated for treating acute sports injuries. However, the rationale for using it is seldom discussed. Maintaining joint function and reducing pain and secondary hypoxic tissue death lead to more rapid and complete recovery of edema associated with sprains and strains. Poorly managed edema may contribute to the development of restricted range of motion, muscle atrophy, reduced ligament tensile strength, and joint laxity—all of which predispose an athlete to reinjury. The mechanism of action of external compression in controlling edema may be explained on the basis of its effect on capillary filtration and lymphatic drainage.