Spora and Gaia: how microbes fly with their clouds
作者:
W.D. Hamilton,
T.M. Lenton,
期刊:
Ethology Ecology & Evolution
(Taylor Available online 1998)
卷期:
Volume 10,
issue 1
页码: 1-16
ISSN:0394-9370
年代: 1998
DOI:10.1080/08927014.1998.9522867
出版商: Taylor & Francis Group
关键词: Gaia;aerobiology;cumulus cloud;condensation nuclei;ice nuclei;DMS;plankton blooms;cyclomorphosis;dispersal
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
We hypothesise that marine algae and various common microbes of the atmosphere (spora) use chemical induction of water condensation to enable or increase their wind dispersal between their aquatic, terrestrial or epiphytic growth sites. Biogenic chemical cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN), sometimes co-occurring in single species (e.g.Pseudomonas syringae), release heat energy of phase change, thus contributing to local air movements that can be used both for lofting and for lateral dispersal of their producers. The phase-change catalysis may occur on the microbial surface (e.g.P. syringae) or may happen more distantly through the release of chemical precursors for suitable ions (e.g. plankton-derived dimethylsulphide [DMS] forming atmospheric sulphate). Small phytoplankton and bacteria take off from water through bubble-burst processes especially in “white-caps”, these often themselves caused by convective winds.
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