Here a high-frequency acoustic experiment through a turbulent flow in Cordova Channel is described which is specifically designed to measure the contribution of scalar and vector fluctuations to the total scattered signal over a 48-h period. The effective refractive index fluctuations are determined by both the random changes in sound speed (scalars) and the random motion of the medium (vectors), and so in this paper it is demonstrated that reciprocal acoustic transmission is a technique which unambiguously separates their effects. The effective refractive index structure parameter,Cηeff2is defined as the sum of scalarCηs2and vectorCηv2contributions through the equationCηs2+11/6Cηv2.The effective refractive index structure parameter is also measured from the forward propagation acoustical scintillation variances, thus providing an independent check on the interpretation.