BackgroundPostpartum depression is a global phenomenon.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate the Spanish version of thePostpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS).MethodsEight translators representing the predominant Hispanic groups in the United States translated thePDSSinto a Spanish version. A total of 377 Hispanic mothers completed thePDSS-Spanish Versionwithin 12 weeks postpartum at two sites: Connecticut and Texas. Confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory analysis were conducted to assess construct validity.ResultsFor the total sample of 377 Hispanic women, the alpha reliability for the totalPDSSwas .95; dimension-level alphas ranged from .76 to .90. The totalPDSSalphas by group were as follows: .94 (Mexican), .96 (Puerto Rican), and .93 (Other). Confirmatory factor analysis provided empirical support for the existence of the hypothesized constructs assessed by thePDSS.Item response theory analysis supported the adequacy of the construct definitions and confirmed that the response options for the Likert categories were an “ordered” attitude continuum in which higher responses corresponded to higher levels of “agreement” with the depressive symptomatology items.ConclusionsWhen compared to the original EnglishPDSS,the reliability and validity psychometrics for the Spanish version were slightly lower, but still within the acceptable range.