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Autopsy of a Disaster: The Martinez Bus Accident

 

作者: FRANK LEWIS,   DONALD TRUNKEY,   MURIEL STEELE,  

 

期刊: The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care  (OVID Available online 1980)
卷期: Volume 20, issue 10  

页码: 861-866

 

ISSN:0022-5282

 

年代: 1980

 

出版商: OVID

 

数据来源: OVID

 

摘要:

On 21 May 1975 a chartered bus carrying 51 members of a student choir rolled from a sharply curved freeway off-ramp and fell 22 feet, landing on its roof, which collapsed. Twenty-nine passengers died (25 before extrication) and 22, plus the driver, survived. An analysis of factors leading up to the accident reveals several contributing causes, among them inadequate design of the ramp, poor warning signs, driver inexperience with the bus, and deficient bus maintenance. Bus design itself contributed to the lethality of the event. Structural support for the roof was inadequate and no access was available to the interior for extrication of victims. Problems with organization at the scene, triage, and communications among agencies involved in the rescue and receiving hospitals contributed to confusion in the transport of victims, although it appears this had little impact on outcome. An analysis of the accident allows several lessons to be learned which might prevent, or reduce, the fatalities from future accidents involving multipassenger vehicles, and other disasters with 10 to 25, or more than 25 fatalities. In the present report ten of 25 killed were judged possibly salvageable with immediate extrication.

 

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