Self-Employment and Occupational Structure in an Industrializing City: Detroit, 1880*
作者:
Melanie Archer,
期刊:
Social Forces
(OUP Available online 1991)
卷期:
Volume 69,
issue 3
页码: 785-809
ISSN:0037-7732
年代: 1991
DOI:10.1093/sf/69.3.785
出版商: The University of North Carolina Press
数据来源: OUP
摘要:
Despite interest in the historically ambiguous position of small entrepreneurs in the occupational and class structure, there has been little investigation of the lives of small-scale self-employed workers during industrialization. Using data from the 1880 manuscript census, city directories, and R.G. Dun and Company credit reports for Detroit, Michigan, this study explores employment status ― self-employment versus wage employment ― as a basis of occupational stratification. Self-employed workers in industrial Detroit were more likely than wage earners to have possessed social and labor market advantages. While self-employed workers were diverse in the occupations they held, they were more homogeneous than wage earners in their social characteristics and economic circumstances. The majority of self-employed workers were middle-class. Small-scale entrepreneurs formed a lower middle-class stratum in spite of similarities between their occupational experiences and those of manual wage earners.
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