Jwae, 1983 SUMMARIES OF PAPERS IN THIS ISSUEPreparation of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters from Olive Oil andOther Vegetable Oils Using Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid - MethanolFatty acid methyl ester analysis is used for the examination of olive oiladulteration. Because of the toxicity of boron trifluoride - methanol reagent,which is currently used for the esterification of fatty acids, the use of aqueoushydrochloric acid - methanol as an esterification reagent has been studied.The method involves hydrolysis of lipids with a 2% sodium hydroxidein methanol solution. followed by esterification with aqueous hydrochloricacid in methanol (3 + 2) for 10 min on a steam-bath. A detailed study ofthe esterification of olive oil and of other vegetable oils with a high content ofunsaturated fatty acids has been undertaken.Comparison of this esterifica-tion with that using boron trifluoride and hydrochloric acid has given excellentagreement of results. Methyl ester hydrolysis has been found to take placeduring the esterification step. The hydrolysis does not affect the reliabilityof the method.ixKeywords: Fatty acids ; olive oil; methyl esters; gas chromatographyNIKOLAOS B. KYRIAKIDIS and GEORGE DIONYSOPOULOSState Chemical Laboratories Research Department, An. Tsocha 16, Ambelokipi,Athens, Greece.Analyst, 1983, 108, 738-741.Modified Gas - Liquid Chromatographic Method for DeterminingBromide/Total Bromine in Foodstuffs and SoilsThe widespread use of methyl bromide as a soil fumigant has necessitated thedevelopment of convenient and specific analytical methods for determiningbromide/total bromine in foodstuffs and soils subsequent to fumigation.The gas-chromatographic method described by Heuser and Scudamore wasinitially adopted by this laboratory.However, for the substrates underinvestigation, i.e., salad crops and soils, we found that the method lackedresolution and reproducibility and was hindered by tailing and long retention-time peaks. Themodified method, for dried ground substrates, is described. Mass spectro-metry was used on a non-routine basis to identify the chromatogram peaks.The mean recovery for dried vegetable substrates is 97% for a wide range ofbromide levels, equivalent to approximately 20-1 000 mg kg-1 on a freshmass basis.The method can be used to determine bromide down to0.1 mg kg-l of substrate fresh mass.The method proved suitable as a basis for development.Keywords : Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry ; bromide Jtotal bromineJOHN A. ROUGHAN, PATRICIA A. ROUGHAN and JOHN P. G. WILKINSMinistry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Harpenden Laboratory, Hatching Green,Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2BD.Analyst, 1983, 108, 742-747.determination ; 2-bromoethanol ; f0odstu.s ; soilX SUMMARIES OF PAPERS I N THIS ISSUEInter-laboratory Calibration for Pesticide Analysis in South AfricaJzcne, 1983The organising and running of four inter-laboratory calibration exercises inSouth Africa in 1981 are described. Analyses of a solution containing pesti-cides, margarine and fruit pulp fortified with pesticides and a potato samplewith incurred residues were carried out.The results indicate that most labora-tories produced acceptable results. This type of exercise should be continued.Keywords : Inter-laboratory calibration ; pesticide analysisLOUIS P. VAN DYK, LAURRAINE LOTTER, PIETER R. DE BEER,ANDRE DE KLERK, AWIE J. VILJOEN and SUSAN M. PRINSLOOTask Group ICE, Working Group on Pesticide Analysis, Private Bag X134, Pretoria,South Africa, 0001.Analyst, 1983, 108, 748-753.Spectrophotometric Determination of Exchangeable Calcium inSoils by Chlorophosphonazo-mAShort PaperKeywords : Chlorophosphonazo-mA ; spectrophotometry ; calciMm determina-tion; soilsQIU XING-CHU and ZHANG YU-SHENGAgricultural Science Research Institute of Ganzhou Prefecture, Jiangxi, China.P.O.Box 82, Chengdu, China.and ZHU YINH-QUANAnalyst, 1983, 108, 754-757.Histochemical Demonstration of Collagen in ComminutedMeat ProductsShort PaperKeywords : S#ecifc collagen test; meat-product microscopy ; connective tissue ;rindF. OLGA FLINT and BARRY M. FIRTHF’rocter Department of Food Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9 JT.Analyst, 1983, 108, 757-759Juute, 1983 THE ANALYST xiEnvironmentalists+The Royal Society of ChemistryPollution 9 Causes, Effectsand ControlEdited by Roy M. HarrisonPollution: Causes,Effects and ControlEdited by Roy M. HarrisonSpecial Publication No. 44Softcover 33Opp 0 85186 875 4Price f 12.00 ($21 .001Pollution isan inevitable consequence of Man’sexistenceon earth.As such, there will always be a requirement for the scientific studyof the pollutants themselves, their biological effects, and forengineering controls within a suitable legislative framework.Recent years have seen intense activity within all of these areaswhich has accompanied an increased public awareness ofpollution problems.Pollution is a truly inter-disciplinary subject area in which fewpractitioners have received formal training in more than one of themany disciplines contributing to the knowledge and understandingof pollution problems.For this reason there is much to be gainedfrom a broader perspective of the subject.The chapters in this book are in the main derived from the coursenotes provided by lecturers at an R.S.C.Residential School on thistopic held at Lancaster University in September, 1982. These havebeen supplemented by a few additional contributions aimed atimproving the overall coverage of this very broad subject area. TheResidential School had a teaching function and the chapters arepitched a t a level appropriate to this objective.This book will therefore be of value not only to teachers andstudents but also to scientists and technologists working in thefield of pollution.Contents00 Water Quality and Health000000000000 Epidemics of Non-infectious Disease00The Control of Industrial PollutionAspects of the Chemistry and Analysis of Substances of Concern in theWater CycleThe Role of Wastewater Treatment Processes in the Removal of ToxicPollutantsSewage and Sewage Sludge TreatmentThe Chemistry of Metal Pollutants in WaterEffects of Pollutants in the Aquatic EnvironmentImportant Air Pollutants and Their Chemical AnaylsisPollutant Pathways in the AtmosphereAtmospheric Dispersal of Pollutants and the Modelling of Air PollutionLegislation and the Control of Air PollutionCatalyst Systems for Emission Control from Motor VehiclesEvaluating Pollution Effects on Plant Productivity: A Cautionary TaleSystems Methods in the Evaluation of Environmental Pollution ProblemsOrganometallic Compounds in the EnvironmentORDERING:Orders should be sent to:The Royal Society of Chemistry,Distribution Centre, Blackhorse Road,, Letchworth, Herts SG6 1HN.Englandxii SUMMARIES OF PAPERS I N THIS ISSUEEvaluation of the Determination of High Levels of Total Cadmiumin Foodstuffs Using Flame Atomic-absorptionSpectrophotometric MeasurementJzcne, 1983Short PaperKeywords : Cadmium determination ; foodstuffs analysis ; flame atomic-absorption spectrophotometryDOROTHY DELLARDepartment of Industry, Laboratory of the Government Chemist, Cornwall House,Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NQ.Analyst, 1983, 108, 759-763.Further Studies on the Recovery of Iodine as Iodine-125After Alkaline Ashing Prior to AssayShort PaperKeywords : Iodine determination ; biological materials assay ; iodine-125G. BRYAN BELLINGCSIRO Division of Human Nutrition, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide, South Australia6000.Analyst, 1983, 108, 763-765.Cortisol Antibody ElectrodeCommunicationKeywords : Potentiometry ; membrane electrodes ; cortisol ; antibodiesM.Y. KEATING and G. A. RECHNITZDepartment of Chemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 1971 1, USA.Artalyst, 1983, 108, 766-768... Jzcne, 1983 THE ANALYST X UAnalytical Sciences MonographsNo. 4 ElectrothermalAtomisation for AtomicAbsorption Spectrometryby C. W. FullerSince the introduction of atomic absorptionspectrometry as an analytical technique, by Walsh,in 1953, the use of alternative atomization sourcesto the flame has been explored. At the present timethe two most successful alternatives appear to bethe electrothermal atomiser and the inductively-coupled plasma.In this book an attempt has beenmade to provide the author's views on the historicaldevelopment, commercial design features, theory,practical considerations. analytical parameters of theelements, and areas of application of the first ofthese two techniques, electrothermal atomisation.Hardcover 135pp 0 85186 777 4E l 8.00 ($34.00) RSC Members f 13.50No. 5 Dithizoneby H. M. N. H. IrvingThe author of this monograph, who has beenclosely associated with the development ofanalytical techniques using this reagent for manyyears, and who has made extensive investigationsinto the properties of its complexes, has gatheredtogether a body of historical and technical data thatwill be of interest to many practising analyticalchemists.Hardcover 11 2pp 0 851 86 787 1f12.50 ($24.00) RSC Members f9.50No.6 lsoenzyme AnalysisEdited by D. W. MossThis monograph attempts to draw together the mostimportant experimental techniques which haveresulted from the modern recognition that enzymesfrequently exist in multiple molecular forms. Thismonograph also indicates the advantages andlimitations in isoenzyme studies of these modernexperiments.Brief Contents:Multiple Forms of Enzymes; Separation of MultipleForms of Enzymes; Selective Inactivation of MultipleForms of Enzymes; lmmunochemistry of MultipleForms of Enzymes; Catalytic Differences betweenMultiple Forms of Enzymes, Methods of ObtainingStructural Information, Selection of Methods ofAnalysis.Hardcover 171pp 0 85186 800 2f12.00 ($23.00) RSC Members f9.00No.7 Analysis of AirbornePollutants in WorkingAtmospheresThe Welding and SurfaceCoatings Industriesby J. Moreton and N. A. R. FallaThis Monograph covers the following:Part I The Welding Industry: Airborne Pollutantsin Welding; Sampling of Welding WorkshopAtmospheres; Analysis of Welding Fumes andPollutant Gases.Part II The Surface Coatings Industry: Origin ofAirborne Pollutants in the Surface CoatingsIndustry; Collection and Analysis of GaseousAtmospheric Pollutants in the Surface CoatingsIndustry; Collection and Analysis of ParticulateAtmospheric Pollutants in the Surface CoatingsIndustry Future Trends Relating to Sampling andAnalysis in the Welding and Surface CoatingsIndustries.Hardcover 192pp 0 85186 860 6f15.00 ($29.00) RSC Members f12.00No.8 The Sampling of BulkMaterialsby R. Smith and G. V. JamesThe literature of analytical chemistryexhaustively covers the many techniques nowavailable t o the analyst.feature common t o all analyses, is in contrastonly sparsely documented. Comparatively feworiginal papers on this subject have beenpublished in the last fifty years; there are veryfew reviews available, and perhaps as a resultsampling is badly neglected in most instructionalcourses i n analytical chemistry. ThisMonograph will go some way towards filling agap i n the literature and should stimulateinterest in the development of sampling as afield of study.Brief ContentsIntroduction; Glossary of Terms; Establishment of aSampling Scheme; Sampling Theories; Apparatusfor Sampling; Sampling Methods; Appendices 1-4.Hardcover 200pp 0 851 86 81 0 Xf16.50 ($32.00) RSC Members f10.75Orders:RSC Members should send their orders to:The Membership Officer, The Royal Society of Chemistry30 Russell Square, London WC1B 5DTAll other orders should be sent to:The Royal Society of Chemistry, Distribution Centre,Blackhorse Road, Letchworth, Herts.SG6 1 HNSampling, the oneThe Royal Society ofChemistrTUCK IN UNDER FLAP ATHE ANALYST June, 1983 iREADER ENQUIRY SERVICEFor further information about any of the products featured in the advertise-ments in this issue, please write the appropriate A number in one of the 3 ;Postage paid if posted in the British Isles but overseas readers must affix z;a stamp.boxes below. ; i(Please use BLOCK CAPITALS)NAME ......................................................................................................................................................................................... iOCCUPATION .................................................................................................................................................................ADDRESS ............................................................................................................................................................................. iSECOND FOLDPostagewill bePaid byLicenseeDo not affix Postage Stamps if posted inGt. 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