Ultrasound mammography is presented as a safe, simple, and reliable method of assessing prosthesis and prosthesis-related complications in the augmented breast. The ability to distinguish between silicone gel, muscle, hematoma, and fluid collections has made ultrasound mammography especially valuable in diagnosing capsular rupture, implant rupture, or periprosthetic hematoma in subpectoral breast augmentations. Examples are given and discussed.