ABSTRACTVessel traffic services, referred to as VTS systems, are being used in many ports and waterways worldwide as a means to reduce operational and environmental risk in marine transportation. These objectives are achieved principally by providing information, rather than by following the aviation model of traffic control. Recent tanker accidents that caused major pollution incidents have precipitated public calls for expansion of VTS operations, including direct traffic control. This paper describes VTS operational concepts from the perspective of a former VTS director and provides a model for implementing VTS systems. It also examines the applicability and feasibility of passive and active measures that can be used by shore‐based traffic regulators to prevent marine incidents and accidents in varying operational situation