Forty microbial types, in which micrococci predominated, were found as representative of pre-curing contamination, including strains resembling organisms found in bacon slime.Varying degrees of salt tolerance were noted, micrococci showing the greatest ability to grow at higher concentrations. With 25% sodium chloride only two species showed growth. Tests with species reducing nitrate to nitrite at 5% salt concentration showed that as the salt concentration increases, nitrate reduction occurs with a progressively smaller proportion of those showing growth. This suggests that nitrate reduction in curing pickle is a function of the true halophiles rather than of the pre-curing contaminants.The organisms could be placed in five groups depending upon their salt resistance (ability to survive) in salt solutions and in curing pickle. Much greater resistance to salt was displayed in curing pickle than in salt broths of similar sodium chloride content. Pickle appeared to possess substances tending to neutralize the toxic effect of salt, the action being "protective" rather than "stimulative".Many types of bacteria constituting original contamination are considered able to survive the pickling process. Although the findings do not point to any pronounced activity of these in pickle, their ability to survive opens the possibility of their becoming active after pickling and contributing to storage defects. The results justify the adoption of measures for the utmost plant sanitation in Wiltshire processing.