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Hydrogeology of a thick clay till and Cretaceous clay sequence, Saskatchewan, Canada

 

作者: R Joel Shaw,   M Jim Hendry,  

 

期刊: Canadian Geotechnical Journal  (NRC Available online 1998)
卷期: Volume 35, issue 6  

页码: 1041-1052

 

ISSN:0008-3674

 

年代: 1998

 

DOI:10.1139/t98-060

 

出版商: NRC Research Press

 

数据来源: NRC

 

摘要:

Clay-rich glacial till and Cretaceous clay are common throughout the Interior Plains of North America. Quantifying groundwater flow through these aquitards has implications for solute transport in aquitards and protection of underlying aquifers. Groundwater flow through a two-tiered aquitard system was investigated using laboratory and field methods at a test site in Saskatchewan, Canada. The aquitard system consists of 80 m of uniform, plastic clay-rich Battleford till (deposited 12-18 ka BP) disconformably overlying 77 m of late Cretaceous plastic marine clay (Snakebite Member, deposited 70-72 Ma BP). The upper 3-4 m of till is oxidized and fractured whereas the remainder is unoxidized. For the scales investigated, results suggested that hydraulic conductivity,K, is independent of scale for relatively thick till and clay bedrock deposits. Analysis of slug tests in the unoxidized till and laboratory tests on cores of unoxidized till yielded geometric meanKvalues of 5.4 × 10-11and 2.7 × 10-11m/s, respectively. LaboratoryKtests of clay samples yielded a geometric meanKof 4.3 × 10-12m/s. BulkKof the clay was estimated to be 2.3 × 10-12m/s assuming steady-state flow through the till and clay. The present-day groundwater velocity through the aquitard system was estimated to be between 0.5 and 0.8 m/10 ka downward based on the measuredKvalues, measured hydraulic gradients, and measured porosities. Results suggested that pore water in much of the till was introduced during or shortly after glaciation.Key words: hydrogeology, aquitards, Cretaceous clay, Battleford till, hydrogeologic properties, geotechnical propert

 

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