Abstract1) lontophoretic application of L‐glutamate was employed to study the distribution of glutamate receptors in the superior longitudinal (SL) muscles of the locust (Locusta migratoria) hindgut, in which spontaneous activity was inhibited using normal saline containing 5 mM MgCl2.2) Junctional glutamate potentials with a rise time of 50–100 ms (peak) and a decay time of 250–400 ms were recorded at localized sites using ejection pulses in the range 5–10 nC. Most active sites were found in interfiber clefts and were spaced at about 250–300 μm intervals. 3) Desensitization of glutamate receptors occurred using ejection frequencies>0.2 Hz. Desensitization could be irreversibly blocked using the lectin concanavalin A. 4) Depolarizing (D‐) and biphasic depolarizing/hyperpofarizing (DH ‐) extrajunctional glutamate potentials were observed using ejection pulses>15 nC. 5) δ‐Philanthotoxin (δ‐PTX) at concentrations>0.3 Uml−1inhibited junctional glutamate potentials in a dose‐dependent manner, 50% inhibition was achieved using 0.45 Uml−1δ‐PTX. 6) Subthreshold concentrations of proctolin (up to 5 × 10−10M) had no visible effect on glutamate potentials, suggesting that proctolin possibly does not act by modulating glutamate activity. 7) It is proposed that glutamate plays a transmitter role in SL muscles, while the ro