Purpose.The conventional treatment ofNocardiakeratitis is with topical sulfonamides. Recently, topical trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) has been suggested as treatment. This study compares the in vitro efficacy againstNocardia asteroidesof Bactrim and various ratios of trimethoprim and a sulfonamide.Methods.Antibiotic disks were soaked with various ratios of trimethoprim and sulfacetamide sodium. They contained trimethoprim alone, sulfacetamide sodium alone, and both trimethoprim and sulfacetamide sodium at ratios of 1:40, 1:20, and 1:5. Disks containing Bactrim were also prepared. Each disk was placed on blood agar plates streaked withN. asteroides. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 72 hours and then examined.Results.Trimethoprim alone showed minimal effect. Sulfacetamide sodium alone had a clearance zone of 12 mm. The plates of trimethoprim and sulfacetamide sodium at ratios of 1:40, 1:20, and 1:5 had clearance zones of 14 mm, 17 mm, and 27 mm, respectively. Bactrim had a clearance zone of 70 mm.Conclusion.Trimethoprim or sulfacetamide sodium alone is not as effective as both drugs together. As the ratio of the two drugs was changed, potency differed againstNocardiaorganisms. Bactrim was the most effective antibiotic againstNocardiaorganisms. It should be the recommended agent for the treatment ofNocardiakeratitis.