Colorectal cancers are common causes of morbidity and mortality among women in the United States. Many of these deaths are unnecessary because of the availability of effective early detection methods. The demands of caregiving may limit older women’s participation in screening. The purposes of this exploratory study were to describe the participation in colorectal cancer screening of older women (n = 52; mean age 65 years) who were the primary caregivers for an ill spouse or parent, and to investigate the relationship of the caregiving burden and perceptions of health to participation in recommended colorectal cancer screening tests. Results. Only 36% of the older women (n = 16) had been screened with both fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and sigmoidoscopy. A number of women had never participated in colorectal cancer screening: 10 (21%) had never undergone FOBT and 22 (47%) had never undergone sigmoidoscopy. Only 20% (n = 9) had received all of the recommended cancer screening tests: mammogram, Papanicalaou smear, FOBT, and sigmoidoscopy. Those who did not participate in cancer screening with sigmoidoscopy had significantly worse health perceptions than those who did participate. Caregiver burden was not significantly associated with differences in cancer screening participation. Only 14 of these older women felt that they would have a good chance of survival if they received a diagnosis of colon cancer. Further research is needed to investigate strategies to increase participation of older women in colon cancer screening.