The physical and chemical properties of thiophosgene with special reference to its use in organic syntheses are reviewed. Thiophosgene is best prepared by reductive dechlorination of trichloromethane-sulfenyl chloride. Besides its use in classical preparations of isothiocyanates, thioureas, thiocarbamates, and thiocarbonates, it has been extensively used to synthesize a wide variety of thioxo substituted heterocycles of pharmaceutical importance by cyclisation of amines, phenols, alcohols, and thiols. Thiophosgene is also used to prepare various inorganic complexes and in the conversion of phenols, thioureas, and thioamides to thiophenols, ureas, and amides, respectively. Reaction of thiophosgene with dienes and alkenes gives bridged compounds and different reactive synthons. The review also discusses the chemistry of the thiophosgene dimer.