The Black Muslim movement among Negro Americans is viewed as an in-process example of a revitalization movement—“a deliberate, organized, conscious effort by members of a society to construct a more satisfying culture.” Using this juxtapositional method, our knowledge about the movement is systematized, and the theory is clarified and further operationalized. Several directions for research are suggested, including (1) viewing the Muslims in Weberian terms as a twentieth-century case of this-worldly activism motivated by religiously sanctioned asceticism, and (2) proposal of a comparative study designed to show the Muslims emerging from the same kinds of acculturative pressures as the Peyote cult of American Indian tribes.