This paper examines the inequalities in status attainment between Israeli Oriental-Sephardic and Ashkenazic Jews in the early 1960s; replicates Duncan's (c) methods of regression and component analyses; and compares the Israeli findings with Duncan's (c) for American blacks and whites for the same period. The most important causes of the observed inequalities are found to differ between the two countries: lack of equal educational attainment of Oriental-Sephardim in Israel; discrimination against blacks in the United States.