The full‐grown larvae ofRh. (Pararhyacophila) lusitanica, munda, pulchraandterpsichoreare described and illustrated. According to the results, the authors consider that the use of larval morphological characters would require some corrections to Schmid'svulgarisgroup phylogenetic tree. The paper finishes with a key to the larvae of the species ofPararhyacophilaso far known from the Iberian peninsula.