AbstractThis article reports on initial findings of a continuing longitudinal study investigating the relationships of health beliefs as conceptualized by the health belief model and the use of well‐baby services among first‐time black mothers. The health beliefs of mothers about their babies were measured before the babies were born and during their use of the services at the baby's first and sixth‐month visits. Mothers in the sample who became nonusers of the well‐baby services were also interviewed. This report describes the results of the first interview of the 662 females who composed the sample for the study, including the following characteristics of a minority, high‐risk population: health orientation, health beliefs about their unborn babies, and use of health services. These findings are discussed with implications for community health nursing practice with materna