Population sampling during a previous study ofAcacia caffra(Thunb.) Willd. (Ross and GORDON-GRAY, 1966b) revealed the presence of certain morphological gradients in relation to the distribution of the species in Natal. This study ofA. caffrawas extended in order to establish the distributional range of the species in Africa and in order to determine the relationship of the Natal plants to those in other parts of the species range. Parameters obtained for all measurable morphological characters throughout the species range revealed continuous variation as within, and among, populations in Natal. The relationship ofA. caffrato the closely alliedA. hereroensisEngl, and toA. polyacanthaWilld. subsp.campylacantha([Hochst. ex] A. Rich.) Brenan was considered briefly. Reasons for disregarding infraspecific categories withinA. caffrawere mentioned.