This paper presents a new calibration of the pressure shift of the7D0−5F0fluorescence line ofSrB4O7:Sm2+, in hydrostatic medium (helium) up to 124 GPa and in nonhydrostatic medium (H2O) up to 130 GPa. There is no quenching of the luminescence, in contrast to that observed in similar compounds. We show that this line permits more accurate pressure measurements at very high pressure than the commonly usedR1emission line of ruby because it remains intense, sharp, well isolated from the other lines, and weakly dependent on nonhydrostaticity. The wavelength pressure shift of the7D0−5F0line is found to be very well represented by the nonlinear relation:P=4.032&Dgr;&lgr;(1+9.29×10−3&Dgr;&lgr;)/(1+2.32×10−2&Dgr;&lgr;)withPin GPa and&Dgr;&lgr;=&lgr;−685.41in nm. High temperature experiments up to 900 K at room pressure were also performed. The negligible temperature dependence and the small thermal line broadening are further advantages for high pressure–high temperature studies in diamond anvil cells. A metrology forin situmeasurements of pressure and temperature, based on the combined use of this compound with ruby is also presented, along with a new calibration of the rubyR1frequency shift with temperature from 300 to 800 K. ©1997 American Institute of Physics.