&NA;Liver failure is a deadly disease for which transplantation is the only cure until liver cell cultures become feasible. Over the past two decades, liver transplant surgery has gained popularity in many countries around the globe.The survival of the transplanted organ depends greatly on the ability of the anesthesiologist to maintain its viability. Therefore, it became of great importance to understand facts and factors that affect the survival of the grafted organ. Hemodynamics, nitrous oxide, and cytokines are a few among the multitude of other factors that need to be understood.Despite of the advancement in anesthesia that made this surgery possible, anesthetic literature is still scarce, and the field remains wide open for further research.