The formation of a negative hydrogen ion beam by surface conversion of a positive ion beam on cesiated tungsten surfaces
作者:
P. J. M. van Bommel,
J. H. M. Bonnie,
E. H. A. Granneman,
P. Massmann,
H. J. Hopman,
期刊:
Journal of Applied Physics
(AIP Available online 1985)
卷期:
Volume 58,
issue 7
页码: 2492-2502
ISSN:0021-8979
年代: 1985
DOI:10.1063/1.335926
出版商: AIP
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
Presented are measurements on the generation of negative hydrogen ion beams via the conversion of positive ion beams on low work function surfaces placed outside the positive ion source. The converter surfaces are positioned parallel to the beam axis and the positive ion beam is directed onto them by the increase of the beam divergence caused by beam retardation. Results include a negative hydrogen ion beam current of 15 mA at a current density of 6.2 mA/cm2. The converter work function is lowered by the deposition of a Cs monolayer. The Cs coverage could be maintained during the bombardment by the intense H+beam through surface migration of the Cs from a reservoir.
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