In briefOsteochondritis dissecans of the calcaneus is a condition that results in a small fragment of bone and cartilage being deposited between the calcaneus and the Achilles tendon and causes pain on the posterior aspect of the calcaneus. This paper discusses how the condition can be differentiated from other causes of posterior heel pain so a proper treatment plan can be started. Two case histories of individuals with different levels of activity are presented to demonstrate this condition.