Model Estimates of the Contributions of Environmental Tobacco Smoke to Volatile Organic Compound Exposures in Office Buildings
作者:
Joan M. Daisey,
Ashok Gadgil,
Alfred T. Hodgson,
期刊:
Indoor Air
(WILEY Available online 1991)
卷期:
Volume 1,
issue 1
页码: 37-45
ISSN:0905-6947
年代: 1991
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0668.1991.04-11.x
出版商: Munksgaard International Publishers
关键词: Environmental tobacco smoke;Indoor air;Mass‐balance model;Office buildings;Volatile organic compounds;Ventilation
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOC) in office buildings originate from multiple sources, such as outdoor air, building materials., occupants, office supplies, and office equipment. Many of the VOC found in office buildings are also present in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), e.g., benzene, toluene, formaldehyde. Measurements made to date in office buildings have been interpreted by some to imply that the contributions of ETS to VOC exposures in office buildings are small. We have made a first order estimate of the contributions of ETS to VOC concentrations based on the VOC content of ETS and a time‐dependent mass‐balance model. Four different ventilation‐infiltration scenarios were modelled for a typical office building.The results indicate that ETS can contribute significantly to total indoor levels of VOC in office buildings, even under moderate ventilation conditions. Ranges of concentrations for three of the four modelled scenarios substantially overlapped measured ranges of the compounds in office buildings. Average daytime concentrations of benzene from ETS, for example, for three of the four modelled scenarios, ranged from 2.7 to 6.2 μg m−3, compared to reported measurements of 1.4 to 8.1 μg m−3for four office buildings. Under a “worst reasonable” case scenario, the average modelled ETS‐contributed concentration of benzene was 33.9 μg m−3for
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