AN-4LYSIS OF THE WATER OF AN ARTESIAN WELL. 11,-Analysis of the Water of the Artesian Welt Southampton. BYJOSHUA H. ROBSON,EsQ. QUEENWOOD COLLEGE The few analyses of deep well-water which have hitherto been published exhibit a very great difference in the quantity of their solid matter and even the quality of the water appears to be subject to much variation.* Professor Brande is inclined to believe that the quantity of solid matter depends upon the depth to which the borings have been carried in the chalk; he considers that the greater the depth the less will be the solid contents of the water. From these considerations I was induced at the suggestion of Mr. Galloway to submit to analysis the Southampton artesian well- water as from the great depth to which the borings have been carried in this case it was likely to yield some interesting results.* Vide Meesrs. Abel and Rowney’s Memoir on the Composition of Water of the Artesian Wells Quarterly Journal of the Chemical Society Vol. I. ; and Pro-fessor Brande’s Paper on the Well-water of the Royal Mint Vol. 11. of the same Journal. MR. ROBSON ON THE ANALYSIS OF The analysis was conducted in the laboratory attached to this insti- tution. This well is situated on a common about a mile and a half from the town of Southampton and has cost in its construction between 320,000 and .S30,000. The total depth is about 1280 feet; the depth from the surface down to the chalk is about 580 feet and the depth of the borings in the chalk about 700 feet.It yields a mean supply of 125,000 gallons of water per diem which is pumped up by means of two pumps and delivered into a reservoir about an acre in extent. The temperature of the water is 63' F*(31' C.) the temperature of the air being 57' F. (28' C.) at the time of observation. Its specific gravity is 1002-23; its reaction acid. A careful qualitative analysis of the water having pointed out the presence of soda magnesia iron sulphuric silicic carbonic and hydrochloric acids and traces of phos-phoric acid and potash the following numbers were obtained by quantitative analysis. A. Determination of the total amount of fixed ingredients. Amount of water. Fixed residue. Percentage. I. 5669367 grms. 07404grm. -13060 11. 566.9367 , *7365 , -12990 Mean ,13025 B.Determination of suIphiiric acid Amount of sulphate Sulphuric acid Amount of water. of baryta. per cent. I. 5669367 grms. 00564grm. *00340 11. 566.9367 *0561 *00339 ,, > mean $00339 c. Determination of chlorine. Amount of chloride Amount of water. of silver. Chlorine per cent 1. 566.9367 grms. 1.3941 grm. *06083 11. 566.9367 , 1.3525 , *05902 Mean *05992 THE WATER OF THE ARTESIAN WELL SOUTHAMPTON. D. Determination of silicic acid. Amount of silicic Silicic acid Amount of water. acid. per cent. I. 1133.8734 grms. *0135 p. *00119 11. 1133.8734 , 00168 , *00148 Mean 000133 E. a. Determination of the total amount of iron. Amount of peroxide Peroxide of iron Amount of water.of iron. per cent. I.1133*8784grms. 00046grm. -000405 11. 1133.8734 , -0456 , *000490 Mean *OOM47 F. a. Determination of the total amount of lime. Amount of carbonate Amount of water. of lime. Lime per cent. I. 1133*8734grms. *1792 grm. *00885 11. 113308734 , *1790 , ,00882 Mean *00883 G. a. Determination of the total amount of magnesia. Amount of pyrophos-Magnesia Amount of water. phate of magnesia. per cent. I.1133.8734 grms. 01985grm. *00638 11. 113308734 , 01922 ) *00618 Mean *00628 A given quantity of the water was boiled for a considerable time the apparatus in which the operation was performed being so arranged that no evaporation could take place. The precipitate formed was separated by filtration and the amount of iron lime and magnesia present in the precipitate and the lime and magnesia present in the filtration were determined in the usual way.All the iron was pre- cipitated on boiling the water E. b. Determination of iron in the precipitate. Amount of peroxide Peroxide of iron Amount of water. of iron. per cent. 113308734grms. *00460 grm. *000405 Mean of the results *00043per cent corresponding to *00062per cent of carbonate of the protoxide of iron. MR. ROBSON ON THE ANALYSIS OF F. b. Determination of lime in the precipitate. Amount of carbonate Amount of water. of lime. Lime per cent. I. 113393734 grms. 01113grm. *00549 11. 1133.8734 , 01183 , *00583 Mean +00566 c. Determination of lime in the filtrate. Amount of carbonate Amount of water.of lime. Lime per cent. I. 1133.8734 grms. *0724grm. -00353 11. 1133.8734 3 ,0650 , *00321 Mean *00337 G.b. Determination of magnesia in the precipitate. Amount of Magnesia Amount of water. pyrophospate of magnesia. per cent. I. 1133.8734 grms. 00723grm. *00232 11. 113308734 , 00876 , *00281 Mean *00256 c. Determinationof magnesia in the filtrate. Amount of Magnesia Amount of water. pyrophoshate of magnesia. per cent. I. 1133.8734grms *lo88grm. *00350 11. 1133.8734 , *lo68 , *00343 Mean *00346 *00346per cent of magnesia correlsponds to *00212of magnesium. H Determination of the alkalis Amount of Mixed chlorides Amount of water. the mixed chlorides. per cent. I 1133.8734 grms. 1.0650 grms.,09354 11. 1133.8734 , 1.0455 , *09920 Mean 009287 a. Determination of potash. THE WATER OF THE ARTESIAN WELL SOUTHAMPTON. 11 Amount of Chloride of Amount of water. chloride of potassium potassium per cent. and platinum. I. 1133.8734grms. 01205grm. .00324 11. 1133.8734 , *l280 , *0034!4 Mean *00334 000334per cent of chloride of potassium corresponds to *00211of pot ash. b. Determination of chloride of sodium. Amount of Chloride of sodium Amount of water. chloride of sodium. per cent. I 1133.8734grms. 1.02824grms *09068 IT. 1133.8734 , 1.00646 , 008876 Mean *Of3972 .Of3972per cent of chloride of sodium corresponds to 003524of sodium. I. Determination of carbonic acid. The carbonic acid was determined by adding to a known quantity of water a mixture of chloride of calcium and ammonia.2267.7468 grms. of water yielded in this manner 1.4143grms. of precipitate in which the carbonic acid was determined. Amount of Amount of Amount calculated precipitate employed. carbonic acid evolved. whol~~~~ipitate. I. 05488grm. *2144grm. *55252 11. -6429 , *2730 , *60056 Mean 057654 Percentage in the water -02542. K. Determination of phosphoric acid Amount of Amount of water. pyrophosphate of pho~~~~~~t~d magnesia. 3401*6202gms. 00309grm. *000576 L. Determination of organic matter. Amount of Organic matter Amount of water. organic matter. per cent. I. 1133,8734grms. 00790 grm. -00697 11. 1133.8734 , *0803 , *00704 Mean *00700 MR CROOKES ON THE SELENOCYANIDES.From these analytical results the following composition of the water is deduced In 100 litres. Gramrnes. In the imperial gallon. Grains. Carbonate of protoxide of Carbonate of lime . iron . . *620 . 13.740 *434 9.6180 Carbonate of magnesia . . 5.280 3.6960 Phosphate of lime . Sulphate of lime . Chloride of magnesium . . 1.248 . 4.370 . 3.680 -8736 3.0590 2.5760 Sulphate of potash . . 3.910 2.7370 Chloride of sodium . . . 89.720 62*8040 Silica . . 1.330 *9310 Organic matter . . 7.000 49000 130.898 91.6286 The amount of fixed residue obtained by direct experiment was In 100 litres . . . . . 130*250grammes. In the imperial gallon . . 91.175 grains. Having deducted from the percentage of carbonic acid that portion in combination with lime magnesia and iron the percentage of free carbonic acid was found to be 001643.