AbstractAnthoceros punctatusvar.cavernosusProsk.homon. illeg. is renamedA. agrestisPaton, redescribed, illustrated and compared withA. punctatusL. (A. husnotiiSteph.). The thalli and sporophytes are usually smaller inA. agrestisthan inA. punctatusand the antheridial bodies are significantly smaller. World distributions and brief descriptions of British habitats are included for both species showing thatA. agrestisis more restricted thanA. punctatusin its distribution and ecology.