SUMMARYFrith, H. J., J. L. McKean and L. W. Braithwaite. 1976. Sexual cycles and food of the dovesStreptopelia chinensisandS. senegalensisin Australia. Emu 76: 15–24.The sexual cycles, food and feeding habits ofS. chinensisin Sydney, NSW, Melbourne, Vic., and Perth, WA, and those ofS. senegalensisin Perth have been examined.InS. chinensisin each city and inS. senegalensisin Perth, many males were producing abundant sperm and many females had enlarged ovarian follicles in each month of the year. Nevertheless there were cycles of gonadal size in each city. The gonads were greatest in spring and summer and least in autumn and winter but inS. chinensisthe phase of the cycle differed between the cities. There was reason to believe that the food, waste grain and bread, was abundant at all times and that its availability was not greatly influenced by rainfall and other environmental factors. Supply of food probably was not the sole cause of the difference in phase of the cycles. Some of the difference in phase would have been caused by different genetic composition of the populations in the three cities.