AbstractThese five West European countries have made changes recently in their policies towards science and technology (S&T) and the priorities given to them. This report outlines the changes.Each country has had a change of government recently and is experiencing slowed economic growth and increasing industrial disputes. They have all given greater priority to S&T for economic and social objectives and are encouraging co-operation between industry and universities.Sweden has drawn up a comprehensive programme for state research activities: it is the first to be compiled on this scale.