The Japan Camera and Optical Instruments Inspection and Testing Institute (JCII) is an independent organization established to ensure the quality of Japanese cameras and optical instruments to be exported from Japan. On behalf of the Japanese Government, JCII does not allow the export of these products unless they have passed the JCII's export inspection, which is carried out in two stages: the type test and lot inspection. The former is related mainly to reliability and durability; the latter, the individual product's performance. Special mention is made of the research and development work conducted in order to improve the quality of products. Some JCII-developed instruments, such as the computer-controlled multi-purpose spectrophotometer, the JCII standard type flash meter, the OTF measuring equipment and the electronic flash units endurance tester, are mentioned in detail.