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Behavioral economics of human drug self‐administration: progressive ratio versus random sequences of response requirements

 

作者: L.A. Giordano,   W.K. Bickel,   T.A. Shahan,   G.J. Badger,  

 

期刊: Behavioural Pharmacology  (OVID Available online 2001)
卷期: Volume 12, issue 5  

页码: 343-347

 

ISSN:0955-8810

 

年代: 2001

 

出版商: OVID

 

关键词: progressive ratio;drug self‐administration;reinforcer efficacy;economic;human

 

数据来源: OVID

 

摘要:

Progressive‐ratio (PR) schedules have been used widely to examine the relationship between drug consumption and drug price (i.e. demand curves) in the study of the behavioral economics of drug abuse. Sequential effects produced by the increasing response requirements of progressive‐ratio schedules might influence the shape of demand curves for drug reinforcers. This study compared progressive ratio schedule and random sequences of ratio requirements, each incremented across sessions in a within‐subject design, to determine if they produced similar behavioral economic and traditional measures of reinforcer efficacy. Self‐administration of standardized cigarette puffs (70 cc each) was studied with eight smokers. Puffs were available at nine ratio requirements (e.g. 3, 100, 300, 600, 1500, 3000, 6000, 12 000, 24 000 responses/three puffs), presented in ascending (progressive‐ratio schedule) or random sequence across daily sessions. The parameter estimates obtained on measures of reinforcing efficacy (e.g. breakpoint, peak response rates, elasticity of demand) were similar for both methods of incrementing prices. We found no evidence that PR and random sequences of fixed‐ratio (FR) schedules, incremented across daily sessions, resulted in different demand curves.

 

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