PValues: What They are and What They are Not
作者:
MarkJ. Schervish,
期刊:
The American Statistician
(Taylor Available online 1996)
卷期:
Volume 50,
issue 3
页码: 203-206
ISSN:0003-1305
年代: 1996
DOI:10.1080/00031305.1996.10474380
出版商: Taylor & Francis Group
关键词: Evidence;Interval hypothesis;Measure of support;One-sided hypothesis;Point-null hypothesis;Significance probability
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
Pvalues (or significance probabilities) have been used in place of hypothesis tests as a means of giving more information about the relationship between the data and the hypothesis than does a simple reject/do not reject decision. Virtually all elementary statistics texts cover the calculation ofPvalues for one-sided and point-null hypotheses concerning the mean of a sample from a normal distribution. There is, however, a third case that is intermediate to the one-sided and point-null cases, namely the interval hypothesis, that receives no coverage in elementary texts. We show thatPvalues are continuous functions of the hypothesis for fixed data. This allows a unified treatment of all three types of hypothesis testing problems. It also leads to the discovery that a common informal use ofPvalues as measures of support or evidence for hypotheses has serious logical flaws.
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