In this paper a comparative study of efficacy between focal extramacular and focal macular perifoveolar argon laser photocoagulation for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema is presented. The follow-up period was 12 months and was based on fluorescein angiograms. After focal extramacular treatment, diabetic macular oedema was resorbed in 54.6% of the cases, remained unchanged in 28.4% and deteriorated in 17.0%. After focal macular perifoveolar treatment resorption of diabetic macular oedema was achieved in 73.7% of the cases, remained unchanged in 17.1% and deteriorated in 9.2%. Focal macular perifoveolar treatment gives statistically significantly better clinical results than focal extramacular treatment (p < 0.05).