Wood, concrete, steel, and combinations thereof have traditionally been used in civil infrastructure. However, each of these materials has its own drawbacks that range from susceptibility to environmental attack to the large deadweight of the material itself. Steel reinforcing bars, commonly known as rebar, although extensively used for reinforcement of concrete, are susceptible to corrosion and the rapid deterioration of the structure. A number of other factors including chemical and corrosion resistance, better fatigue performance and increased durability in adverse environments, lower overall life-cycle costs, lighter construction material, potential ease of assembly and installation, reduced costs of transporting modules to site, use of modular construction, design flexibility, and overall lower energy consumption have motivated the investigation of the use of composites in civil infrastructure. The present paper focuses on the results of the use of composites as reinforcements in concrete beams. A description of bond behavior is presented as it relates to predictions made about beam failure, as well as to the determination of key design parameters. The results of beam tests are reported and general conclusions drawn as to the need for an appropriate design methodology rather than the acceptance of the approach determined for steel rebar reinforced concrete beams.