GREEN, H. J. and A. E. PATLA. Maximal aerobic power: neuromuscular and metabolic considerations.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 38–46, 1992. Differences in maximal aerobic power (VO2max) between individuals have most often been attributed to central processes or processes involved in the uptake and transport of oxygen to the working muscle. This review examines the peripheral or muscular processes that may act as determinants of VO2max. Using progressive cycling exercise and electromyographic techniques, the muscular recruitment and rate coding strategies necessary to realize a VO2max are described. An analysis is also provided of the challenge imposed on the various excitation and contraction processes that occur in the individual muscle cells during progressive exercise. Finally, the review concludes by examining energy metabolic processes and whether it is the availability of oxygen that is limiting to the mitochondria or an inability of the mitochondria to use the available oxygen.