Cttanmctions o f the ff attabap %aciety VOL. 111-T1 TO PROMOTE THE STUDY OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY, ELECTROMETALLURGY, CHEMICAL PHY8108, METALLOQRAPHY AND KINDRED SUsJEC+S VOL. 111. 1907. London PUBLISHED BY THE FARADAY SOCIETY, 82, Victoria Street, London? S.W. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL. Preeibe t i t. SIR OLIVER LODGE, F.R.S. @aets@reefbent. SIR JOSEPH SWAN, F.R.S. lDfce+weefbeiite. G. T. BEILBY, F.R.S. R. A. HADFIELD. GEH. REG.-RAT. PROF. DR. W. HITTORF. SIR WILLIAM HUGGINS, O.M., K.C.B., F.R.S. PROF. A. K. HUNTINGTON. PROF. A. SCHTTSTER, F.R.S. PROF. J. J. THOMSON, F.R.S. F. W. HARBORD, F.I.C. R. S. HUTTON, D.Sc. T. M. LOWRY, D.Sc. W. MURRAY MORRISON, M. I list .C. E. F. S. SPIERS. A. C. CLAUDET, M.I.M.M. 2. DE FERRANT1, M-l-E-E- JAMES SWINBURNE, M.Tnst.C.E., F.R.S.J. L. F. VOGEL, M.I.E.E. N. T. M. WILSMORE, M S c . PROF. ERNEST WILSON. Ureaeurer, F. MOLLWO PEKKIN, PH.D. 5ecretarp anb Sbitor. F. S. SPIERS, 82, Victoria Street London, S.W. paet preeibente Deceaeeb. LORD KELVIN, O.M., G.C.V.O., F.K.S., 1905-1907. SIR WILLIAM HENRY PII:RKIK, LI,.D., F.R.S., 1907. The Fmwdny Socirty is grot responsible f o r ofinions cxfrcssrd befoiz i f by Airthors or Speakers. CONTENTS. - PAGE The Application of the Electron Theory to Electrolysis. By E. II:. FOURNIER- D’ALBE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T General Discussion on Osmotic Pressure.” The EARL OF BERKELEY on “The Direct Measurement of Osmotic 12 12 Pressure . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mr. W. C. DAMPIER WHETHAM, F.R.S., on ( l Indirect Methods of Measur- ing Osmotic Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dr. T. MARTIN LOWRY on “ Osmotic Pressure froin the Standpoint of thc Kinetic Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Dr. L. KAHLENBERG on “The Bearing of Actual Osmotic Experiments upon the Conception of the Nature of Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Discussion (Mr. H. N. MORSE, Dr. J. C. PHILIP, Mr. JOHN RHODIN, Dr. A. FINDLAY, Mr. W. A. DAVIS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Potential of Hydrogen Liberated from Metallic Surfaces. By H. 27 The Present Position and Future Prospects of the Electrolytic Alkali and Bleach Industry.By J. B. C. KERSHAW, F.I.C. . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 SO NUTTON & H. D. LAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrode Potentials in Liquid Ammonia. By F. M. G. JOHNSOK, M.Sc., and N. T. M. WILSMORE, M.Sc. PERKIN, P1i.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 The Impedance of Solutes in Solvents as manifested by Osmotic “ Pressure.” By J. G. A. KHODIN, F.J.C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 88 The Electrolytic Deposition of Zinc, using Rotating Electrodes. 11. By T. S. PRICE, D.Sc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contributions to the Chemistry of Gold. Rv F. H. CAMPBELL, M.Sc . . . . . . . 103 Reduction of Oxides, Sulphides, &c., by Metallic Calcium. By F. MOLLWO . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 A New Pattern of Thermostat Designed to Supply a Rapid Stream of Water Heated to a Constant Temperature. By T. MARTIN LOWRY, D.Sc. 1 19 ... P-\GE CONTENTS (mu f r J . ) General Discussion on (‘ Hydrates i n Solution.” Mr. W. R. BOUSFIELD, M.A., K.C., and Dr. T. MARTIN LOWRY, on “The Thermochemistry of Electrolytes in Relation to the Hydrate Theory of Ionisation ”.,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Dr. JAMES C. PHILIP on ‘( Influence of Non-Electrolytes and Electrolytes on the Solubility of Gases in Water. The Question of Hydrates in Solution ” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I40 Dr. GEORGE SESTER on “Discussion of Methods Suggested for Deter- mining Degree of Hydration ” .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Dr. ALEX. FINDLAY on “The Stability of Hydrates as Indicated by Equi- librium Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T .;3 Discussion (Prof. W. A. TILDEK, F.K.S., Mr. R. J. CALDWELL, Prof. S. P. U. PICKERING, F.R.S., Dr. H. RORSS, Dr. H. J. H . FENTON, 158 On the Electrolysis of Salt Solutions in Liquefied Sulphur Dioxide at Low Temperatures. By BERTRAM D, STEELE, DSc. . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 F.R.S., Mr. W. A. DAVIS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On the Electrolysis of Salt Solutions in Liquefied Sulphur Dioxide at Low Temperatures. By BERTRAM D. STEELE, D.Sc. Discussion . . . . . . 169 Note on the Action of Aluminium Powder on Silica and Boric Anhydride.By FRANK E. WESTON, BSc., and H. RUSSELL ELLIS, B.Sc. . . . . . . 170 Reducing Action of Metallic Calcium and Calcium Hydride upon Metallic Oxides, Sulphides, and Halogen Salts. By F. MOLLWO PERKIK and LIOSEL PRATT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Note on a Series-Parallel Lamp Resistance. By N. T. M. WILSMORE, M.Sc. 187 A Physico-Chemical Study of the hmplex Copper-Glycocoll Sulphates. By J. T. BARKER, B.Sc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 The Discovery of the Alkali Metals by Huinphry Davy : The Bearing of the Discovery upon Industry. By F. Mor,r.wo PERKIN, Ph.D . . . . . . . . . . 205 REVIEWS OF BOOKS. Ueber die elektrolytische Gewinnung von B~-oni und Jod. DI-. ING. MAX SCHLOTTER .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Introduction to Physical Chemistry. JAMES WAIXER . . . . . . . . . . . . 09 The Manufacture of Metallic Articles Electrolyticnlly-Electro-~n~raviti~. Dr. W. PFANHAUSER. Authorised English Tr;inslation by Prof. JOSEPH 141. RICHARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Stcrcochemistry. A. W. STEWART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TOO PAGE CO NTE N TS (COII Id.) Thc Electron Theory : A Popular Introduction to the New Theory of Elec- tricity and Magnetism. E. E. FOURNIEK-D'ALBE. With a Prcfacc by G. JOHNSTONE STONEY .._ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... i01 The National Physical Laboratory : Report for the Year 1906 ... ... ... 102 The Treatment of Storage Batteries.K. W. VICARY ... ... ... ... 102 A Tcxt-Book of Elcctrocheinistry. Prof. M A X LE BLANC. Traiislatetl by WILLrs K. WHITNEY and JOHN W. BHVWN ... ... ... ... ... 166 I-lericht iiber die XIV. Hauptversainiiiluiig der Lleutschen Biuisen-Gesell- schaft fiir Angewandte Physikalische Cheinie in Haiiiburg voiii 9 bis 12 Mai, 1907 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 147 Elcktroinetallurgie des Eisens. Voii Dr. BERNHARD NAUMANX . . . .. . 167 Monographien uber angewandte Elektrochemie. Band XXVI I I . Die elek- trouheinische uiid elektrometallurgische Iiidustrie Grossbritanniens. J. €3. C. KERSHAW. TransIated into German by Dr. MAX HUTH ... 220 ,. 1)cutscIies Pateiitrcuht fur Cheiniker. Dr. JULIUS EPHIIAihr . . . 224 224 224 ... ... Monographicii iiber angewandte Elektrochemie. Band XXIX. Die eng- lischen elektrochemischen Patente. Dr. P. FERCHLAND ... ... ... 222 Organic Chemistry. J. H. COHEN ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 223 Handbuch der Praktischen Elektrometallurgie. Von Dr. ALBERT NEWBURGER Handbook of Metallurgy. Professor CARL SCHNAREL. Translated by Pro- fessor HENRY LOUIS. 2 Vols. . . . . . . . . . . . . Steel Works Analysis. Professor J. 0. ARKOLD and F. IBBOTSON ... ... 224 Electrons. SIR OLIVER LODGE, F.R.S. ... ... ... ... ... ... 225 The Corpuscular Theory of Matter. Professor 1. J. THOMSON, F.R.S .... ... 225 Portrait of Sir U'illiaiii Perkin . . . . . . . , . , . . .. Portrait of Lord Kelvin . .. . . . . . . .. . . . , . , . To face p. 103 To f n c c f . 169